Regarding:
Voting (again predictably) seems to be based simply on how many people
agree with the answer.
I believe it is a common theme on this site to up vote the answer which is most aligned with one's own believe rather than up vote answers for their quality per SE guide lines. Similarly answers are down voted for similar reasons - which is also against SE guide lines.
What is voting up?
Voting up is how the community indicates which questions and answers
are most useful and appropriate.
When should I vote up?
Whenever you encounter a question or answer that you feel is
especially useful, vote it up!
You have a limited number of votes per day, so use them wisely.
And
What is voting down?
Voting down, also known as "casting downvotes", is how the community
indicates which questions and answers are least useful.
When should I vote down?
Use your downvotes whenever you encounter an egregiously sloppy,
no-effort-expended post, or an answer that is clearly and perhaps
dangerously incorrect.
You have a limited number of votes per day — and answer downvotes cost
you a tiny bit of reputation on top of that — so use them wisely.
Highlighted is why I feel that religion SE - especially those w/o one voice are not an ideal fit for SE. Most of all, I think there should be setting which you cannot down vote w/o commenting on why you are down voting (or upvoting a comment as I did with RiverC's answer to this question). This does not help the author of the answer understand what is incorrect about his answer. I do not know how to facilitate this, however.